The Traffic Accident Reconstruction Origin -ARnews-


Re: Front Seats Reclined Upon Impact During Rear-End Collision

Dennis Martin (martin@mde.com)
Tue, 20 Jan 1998 18:28:57 -0500 (EST)

It is not unusual for front seat backs to lay back in relatively minor rear end impacts. The SAE Standard for the testing of the strength of the seat backs only requires the seat back to be able to carry something like a 200 pound force part of the way wup the seat back. I don't have my standards here to look up the specifics. With failure allowed under the SAE standard in that range, it is no wonder that an impact causing just a few g's of acceleration will cause the seat back to fail. (If the actual failure load of a given seat back and the weight of the occupant were known then one might have a way to calculate the minimum acceleration or delta V of a rear end collision that failed a seat back.)

The issue has been litigated many times where those receiving serious injuries in accidents that would have been otherwise rather inconsequentional sued the vehicle manufacturer to recover their losses. The plaintiff's argument is that the seat back is an important part of the restrain system in this type of collision and should be much stronger. The defendant's argument is that there is a trade off between the types of injuries for which protection should be provided. The defendants say that if the seat backs were much stiffer (or stronger) that the seat back would not give way in minor collisions and there would be a much higher rate of severe cervical strain/sprain injuries in these collisions. They try to argue that the occasional more severe spinal compression injury is the price paid for lower levels of "whiplash" injuries.
Dennis Martin
martin@mde.com


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